Kabaddi is a contact sport based on wrestling that originated in early India. The word
kabaddi is derived from the
Tamil words
Kai-pidi, which literally mean "(let's) hold hands", which is indeed a crucial aspect of play. It is the national game of
Bangladesh,
[1] and the state game of
Tamil Nadu,
Bihar,
Andhra Pradesh and
Punjab in India. The game is also played among the youth of
Pakistan.
Kabaddi initially came from the northern parts of the
Indian Subcontinent, and remains popular throughout South Asia, and has also spread to
Southeast Asia,
Japan and
Iran. It is the national game of Bangladesh where it is known as
Hadudu. It is the state game of Tamil Nadu where it is said to be founded as
Sadugudu, Andhra Pradesh,
Bihar and
Maharashtra in India. It is played by the
British Army for fun, to keep fit and as an enticement to recruit soldiers from the British Asian community.
India won the
2013 Kabaddi World Cup held at Guru Nanak Stadium, Ludhiana, (Punjab) India.
Rubrics
In the international team version of kabaddi, two teams of seven
members each occupy opposite halves of a field of 10 m × 13 m in case of
men and 8 m × 12 m in case of women.
[2]
Each has three supplementary players held in reserve. The game is
played with 20-minute halves and a five-minute halftime break during
which the teams exchange sides.
The rules of the game are as follows. The teams take turns sending a
"raider" into the other half. To win a point, the raider must take a
breath, run into the opposing half, tag one or more members of the
opposite team, then return to his home half before inhaling again.
[3] The raider will chant "kabaddi, kabaddi" with his exhaling breath to show the referee he has not inhaled.
[3]
The raider will be declared "out" and will not gain the point if he
inhales before returning to his side, or returns without touching an
opponent.
[3] The tagged defender(s) will be "out" if they do not succeed in catching the raider who tagged them.
[3] Wrestling the raider to the ground can prevent him escaping before he needs to inhale.
[3]
Defenders may not cross the centre line (the "lobby") of the field
and the raider may not cross the boundary lines. However, there is one
bonus line which can grant extra points for the raider if he manages to
touch it and return successfully.
Players who are out are temporarily sent off the field. Each time a
player is out, the opposing team earns a point. A team scores a bonus of
two points (called a "lona"), if the entire opposing team is declared
out. At the end of the game, the team with the most points wins.
Matches are categorised based on age and weight. Six officials supervise a match: one
referee, two
umpires, a
scorer and two assistant scorers.
Types of Kabaddi
Sanjeevani
In Sanjeevani Kabaddi, one player is revived against one player of
the opposite team who is out, one out, one in. The duration, the number
of players, dimensions of the court, etc. have been fixed by the Kabaddi
Federation of India. This form of Kabaddi is the closest to the present
game. In this form of Kabaddi, players are put out and revived and the
game lasts 40 minutes with a 5-minute break in between. There are nine
players on each side. The team that puts out all the players on the
opponent's side scores four extra points for a 'Lona'. The winning team
is the one that scores most points after 40 minutes. The field is bigger
in this form of Kabaddi and the 'chant' different in various regions.
Modern Kabaddi resembles this form of Kabaddi especially with regard to
'out & in system' and 'Lona'.
Gaminee
This is played with seven players on either side, in a field of no
specific measurements. The characteristic is that a player put out has
to remain out until all his team members are out. The team that is
successful in putting out all the players of the opponent's side secures
a point. This is akin to the present system of 'Lona'. After all the
players are put out, the team is revived and the game continues. The
game continues until five or seven 'Lona' are secured. This form of
Kabaddi has no fixed game time. The main disadvantage of the Gaminee
type is that the player is not in position to give his best performance
since he is likely to remain out for the better part of the match until a
Lona is scored.
History and development
Women playing Kabaddi/Sadugudu in Tamil Nadu
Modern Kabaddi is a synthesis of the game played in various forms under different names.
[4] Kabaddi received international exposure during the 1936
Berlin Olympics, demonstrated by Hanuman Vyayam Prasarak Mandal,
Amaravati, Maharashtra. The game was introduced in the Indian Olympic Games at
Calcutta
in 1938. In 1950 the All India Kabaddi Federation came into existence
and compiled standard rules. The Amateur Kabaddi Federation of India
(AKFI) was founded in 1973. After formation of the Amateur Kabaddi
Federation of India, the first men's nationals were held in Madras
(renamed Chennai), while the women's were in Calcutta (renamed Kolkata)
in 1955.The AKFI has given new shape to the rules and has the right to
modify them. The Asian Kabaddi Federation (AKF) was founded under the
chairmanship of Mr. Janardan Singh Gehlot.
Kabaddi was introduced and popularised in Japan in 1979. The Asian
Amateur Kabaddi Federation sent Professor Sundar Ram of India to tour
Japan for two months to introduce the game.
In 1979, a return test between
Bangladesh and India was held at different places of India including
Mumbai,
Bihar,
Hyderabad, and
Punjab. The Asian Kabaddi Championship was arranged in 1980 and India emerged as champion and
Bangladesh runner-up. Bangladesh became runner-up again in 1985 in the Asian Kabaddi Championship held in
Jaipur, India. The other teams in the tournament were
Nepal,
Malaysia
and Japan. The game was included for the first time in the Asian Games
in Beijing in 1990. India, China, Japan, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Pakistan
and Bangladesh took part. India won the gold medal and has also won gold
at the following six Asian Games in
Hiroshima in 1994,
Bangkok in 1998,
Busan in 2002,
Doha in 2006 and
Guangzhou in 2010.
An attempt to popularise kabaddi in Great Britain was carried out by
Channel 4, who commissioned a programme dedicated to the sport. The programme,
Kabaddi in the early 1990s, however, failed to capture viewer attention despite fixtures such as West Bengal Police versus the Punjab.
Kabaddi was axed in 1992, but not before its presenter
Krishnan Guru-Murthy suffered a collapsed lung while participating in the sport.
[5][better source needed] Alt-rock band
The Cooper Temple Clause formed a kabbadi team in 2001 and were, at one stage, ranked seventh in the British domestic standings.
[5][better source needed]
In the 1998 Asian games held at
Bangkok (Thailand), the Indian Kabaddi team clinched the gold medal. The chief coach of the team was former kabaddi player and coach
Flt. Lt. S P Singh.
[6]
International competitions
Kabaddi World Cup
The
second Kabaddi World Cup tournament was held in 2007 with India winning over Iran in the final round.
[citation needed] The Punjab government organised a Circle Style
2010 Kabaddi World Cup
from 3 to 12 April 2010. On 12 April 2010 Indian team emerged as the
winner after beating Pakistan in the finals. The opening match of the
tournament was held in
Patiala while the closing ceremony took place in
Ludhiana.
India won the first edition of the Circle Style Kabaddi World Cup,
Beating rival Pakistan in a 58–24 victory. The final of this 10-day
tournament was played at
Guru Nanak Stadium.
[citation needed]
Pro kabaddi league
Pro kabaddi league was introduced in 2014 in
India based on
Indian premier league.The
first edition of the tournament had begun at 26 July 2014 with eight
franchises based at eight different cities in India consisting of
players from all over the world.The team Jaipur pink panthers based at
jaipur is owned by
Bollywood star
Abhishek Bachchan who said he wants to promote kabaddi. The other teams are namely U mumba based at
mumbai,bengaluru bulls based ato
bengaluru,delhi dabbangs based at
delhi,puneri paltans based at
Pune,Telugu titans based at
vizag,Bengal warriors based at
kolkata and patna pirates based at
patnaBihar.
The opening match was held at mumbai where
Amitabh Bachchan was found cheering for his son's team.
Aishwarya rai was also present with
Abhishek Bachchan.Together with them Bollywood stars
Shahrukh Khan,
Aamir khan,
Sunil Shetty ,
Sonali Bendre,
Farah Khan,
Boman Irani and producer
Ronnie Screwvala cheering for his team Jaipur Pink Panthers were present at the stadium.
Indian star cricketer
Sachin Tendulkar
was present with his wife and daughter who said he enjoyed the
speed,agility and strength of the players of the sport very much.
Rakesh Kumar (kabaddi) the captain of the Indian kabaddi team who has received an
Arjuna award
and also the captain of patna pirates was also present at the inaugural
matches who said it is a pleasure to see kabaddi getting recognition
through the tournament.
Rakesh Kumar (kabaddi) was the highest bought player in the auction by patna pirates for 12.80 lakhs held before the tournament.
The broadcast rights were bagged by the
star sports network .The matches start at 7:45 pm through the month of august on star sports 2 channel in English and
star gold channel in Hindi.
World Kabaddi League
World Kabaddi League has been introduced in 2014.
[7] The First Season of the League would be played in August–December 2014. The league follows the
Formula 1 touring sports format and will be played across four countries.
[8] The first season will be played from August 2014 to December 2014.
[9] Indian rapper
Yo Yo Honey Singh
bought a team and named in Yo Yo Tigers.Bollywood actors and actress
Akshay Kumar and Sonakshi Sinha also bought a team in WKL United Singh's
is a team of Bollywood actress Sonakshi Sinha
[10]
Federations
India
The Kabaddi Federation of India (KFI) was founded in 1950, and it
compiled a standard set of rules. The Amateur Kabaddi Federation of
India (AKFI) was founded in 1973. The AKFI has given new shape to the
rules and it has also the rights of modification in the rules. The Asian
Kabaddi Federation was founded under the chairmanship of
Sharad Pawar.
The Governing body of Kabaddi in Asia is Asian Kabaddi Federation
(AKF) headed by Mr. Janardan Singh Gehlot. AKF is affiliated to Olympic
Council of Asia. Parent body to regulate the game at international level
is International Kabaddi Federation (IKF). India won the world cup in
December 2013 by defeating Pakistan in finals at Punjab
In 1979, a return test between Bangladesh and India was held at
different places of India including Mumbai, Hyderabad, and Punjab. The
Asian Kabaddi Championship was successfully arranged in 1980 and India
emerged as the champion and Bangladesh as the runners-up. Bangladesh
became runners-up again in 1985 in Asian Kabaddi Championship held in
Jaipur, India. The other teams included in the tournament were Nepal,
Malaysia and Japan. Kabaddi was played as a demonstration sport at the
1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. The game was included for the first time
in Asian Games held in Beijing in 1990. Eight countries took part
including India, China, Japan, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and
Bangladesh. India won the gold medal and has since won gold at the
following three Asian Games in Hiroshima in 1994, Bangkok in 1998, Busan
in 2002, and in Doha 2006.
In 2014, India introduced the
Pro Kabaddi League,
an eight-city league with games to be played on a caravan basis with
each team playing each other twice in July and August, 2014. In a
significant value addition to Kabaddi, these were carried live on prime
time TV by the international broadcaster, Star Sports for millions to
view across India and the world.
Pakistan
The governing body for Kabaddi in Pakistan is
Pakistan Kabaddi Federation.
Kabaddi is played in all parts of Pakistan, especially rural areas, in
one form or the other. It is also popular sport of the sub-continent and
in many parts of India and Bangladesh, Kabaddi is played with equal
zeal and enthusiasm. Its forms and styles vary from region to region.
Malik Mushtaq was the best player of kabbadi in Pakistan. He was
declared man of the tournament in Canada at the World Kabbadi Cup
1981.Khalid Randhawa was also best player of kabaddi in PAKISTAN.He was
declared man of the tournament in England kabaddi cup 1988. In Pakistan,
Faisalabad is known as the nursery of Kabaddi. It has produced many
world class players. Lahore, Gujranwala, Qasoor, Nankana Sahib, Sahiwal,
Okara, Bahawalpur, Multan, Bahawalnagar are the other centres of
kabaddi where circle style kabaddi is very famous. It is also called the
Village game of Punjab, Pakistan.
Bangladesh
Kabaddi (
Bengali:
কাবাডি)
is a very popular game in Bangladesh, especially in the villages. Often
called the 'game of rural Bengal', it is now the National Game of
Bangladesh. In some areas Kabaddi is still known as [Ha-Du-Du], but
Ha-Du-Du had no definite rules and was played with different rules in
different areas. [Ha-Du-Du] was renamed Kabaddi and given the status of
the National Game in 1972.
The Bangladesh Amateur Kabaddi Federation was formed in 1973. It
framed rules and regulations for the national game. In 1974 Bangladesh
played a Kabaddi test match with a visiting Indian team, which played
test matches with the district teams of Dhaka, Tangail, Dinajpur,
Jessore, Faridpur and Comilla. In 1978, the Asian Amateur Kabaddi
Federation was formed at a conference of delegates from Bangladesh,
India, Nepal and Pakistan in the Indian town of Villai. Kabaddi is one
of the most popular games in schools of Bangladesh.
Iran
Kabaddi-like games are common in certain rural regions of Iran and in
these areas it is a popular game for children and adults. In Iran there
are different names that they call this game according to the area. In
some areas – especially in the center of
Iranian plateau,
Khorasan and
Mazandaran Kabaddi is known as
Zu/Zou (
Persian:
زو), in
Gilan as
Do-Do (
Persian:
دودو), in
Khuzestan as
Ti-Ti (
Persian:
تیتی) and in
Sistan and Baluchestan as
Kabaddi/Kabedi/Kavedi/Kaveddi/Kavaddi (
Persian:
کودّی، کبدی).
[11][12]
In Iran, the Community of Kabaddi was formed in 1996, in same year
they joined the Asian Kabaddi Federation and in 2001 they joined the
International Kabaddi Federation. The Iran Amateur Kabaddi Federation
was formed in 2004.
[11]
United Kingdom
Kabaddi was brought to the United Kingdom by
Indian immigrants and
Pakistani immigrants. The governing body for kabaddi in the United Kingdom is the
England Kabaddi Federation UK. The UK also played host to the
2013 UK Kabaddi Cup.
Women's teams
Women's kabaddi was first introduced in the
2010 Guangzhou Asian Games. India won gold and
Thailand were runner-up with silver.
Bangladesh and
Iran were knocked out in the semi-finals and shared bronze.
- Asia
The following national teams played in the 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games:
Bangladesh
Chinese Taipei
India
Iran
Nepal
Malaysia
South Korea
Thailand
Asia Kabaddi Cup
The
Asia Kabaddi Cup
has been held twice in consecutive years. The Inaugural tournament was
held in the year 2011 in Iran. In 2012, the Asia Kabaddi Cup was held in
Lahore,
Punjab from 1 to 5 November. It is considered one of the biggest events for circle style kabaddi.
In
2012 ASIA Kabaddi Cup
held in Lahore, Pakistan in 2012 was won by Pakistan against India with
a technical win with score 37–31 after Indian team rejected to play
further.
UK Kabaddi Cup
The UK Kabaddi has been happening for many years, but received major recognition during the
2013 UK Kabaddi Cup.
It will be one of the biggest international level kabaddi tournaments
to happen in England. It featured the national Kabaddi teams from,
India, England,
Pakistan, USA, Canada and a local club team, Golden Temple (SGPC).
Kabaddi World Cup
- Men World Cup
The Kabaddi World Cup was first played in 2004 and then in 2007 and 2010. So far
India is the unbeaten champion in Kabaddi World Cup. Pakistan and
Iran
are the next most successful nations, with the former being runners-up
thrice and the latter twice. Note that Pakistan did not play the first
two editions of the Kabaddi World-Cup (2004 and 2007) due to political
tensions with the host nation India.
Results of Kabaddi World Cup to date:
- Women World Cup
The Women's Kabaddi World Cup was first played in 2012 in
Punjab , India.
India won the championship defeating
Iran in the finals.India retained the title in 2013 by defeating the debutants New Zealand in the finals.
[13]
Results of Kabaddi World Cup to date:
2ND WORLD CUP KABADDI FOR WOMEN 2013 held in India. The Indian
women's kabaddi team successfully defended their title. They defeated
the New Zealand women's kabaddi team in the finals.
1ST WORLD CUP KABADDI FOR WOMEN 2012 Final Match PLAYERWISE DETAIL
SCORE CARD OF INDIA VERSUS I.R OF IRAN Toss won by Team I.R. OF IRAN,
Choice = Court
| 1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
Suvarna Bartakhe |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Krishna (India) |
| 3 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
3 |
Abhilasha Mhatre (India) |
| 2 |
1 |
|
|
3 |
|
3 |
Priyanka Negi (India) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rashamita Sahoo (India) |
| 7 |
1 |
|
|
8 |
|
8 |
Mamatha Poojari – Captain (India) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deepika Henary Joseph – Vice Captain (India) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vindyavasini Sinha (India) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Promila (India) |
|
|
|
3 |
3 |
|
3 |
Kavita Devi (India) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Nagalakshmi (India) |
|
|
|
5 |
5 |
|
5 |
Priyanka (India) |
| 13 |
2 |
0 |
8 |
23 |
2 |
25 |
INDIA Team Total |
|
| 2 |
1 |
|
1 |
4 |
|
4 |
Salimeh Abdollahbakhsh (Iran) |
|
|
|
1 |
1 |
|
1 |
Farideh Zarif Doost (Iran) |
|
1 |
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
Zohreh Tributinezhad (Iran) |
|
|
|
2 |
2 |
|
2 |
Zahra Masoumabadi (Iran) |
| 1 |
1 |
|
1 |
3 |
|
3 |
Sedigheh Jafarikalokan (Iran) |
| 4 |
3 |
|
1 |
8 |
|
8 |
Ghazal Khalaj (Iran) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Roghayeh Abdollahi (Iran) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mona Norouzianfar (Iran) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hajar Shahin Kamal Aghaei (Iran) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nirouyar Fatema (Iran) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zahra Raitiminejad ( Manager ) (Iran) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Azam Maghsodlou ( Head coach ) (Iran) |
| 7 |
6 |
0 |
6 |
19 |
0 |
19 |
I.R OF IRAN Team Total |
|
1st Women World Cup -
LudhianaPunjab
See also
- Films about kabaddi
Pop culture references In the 1993 movie
Little Buddha in which Keanu Reeves plays the Siddhartha Gautama, a game of kabbadi is depicted.
References
External links
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kabaddi. |
2014 Pro Kabaddi League
12.80 lakh by Patna franchise. Sports Authority of India's Deepak Nivas was bought by Vizag franchise for 
